Analysis of the Rainbow Tradeoff Algorithm Used in Practice

Cryptanalytic time memory tradeoff is a tool for inverting one-way functions, and the rainbow table method, the best-known tradeoff algorithm, is widely used to recover passwords. Even though extensive research has been performed on the rainbow tradeoff, the algorithm actually used in practice differs from the well-studied original algorithm. This work provides a full analysis of the rainbow tradeoff algorithm that is used in practice. Unlike existing works on the rainbow tradeoff, the analysis is done in the external memory model, so that the practically important issue of table loading time is taken into account. As a result, we are able to provide tradeoff parameters that optimize the wall-clock time.